The Khanate of Astrakhan (Xacitarxan Khanate) was a Tatar Turkic state that arose during the break-up of the Golden Horde. The Khanate existed in the 15th and 16th centuries in the area adjacent to the mouth of the Volga river, around the modern city of Astrakhan. Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür (Tūqāy Tīmūr), the thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan.
The Khanate was established in the 1460s by Mahmud bin Küchük. The capital was the city of Xacítarxan, also known as Astrakhan in Russian chronicles. Its territory included the Lower Volga valley and the Volga Delta, including most of what is now Astrakhan Oblast and the steppeland on the right bank of Volga in what is now Kalmykia. To the south was the Caspian sea, to the east the Nogai Horde and to the west Nogais who were theoretically subjects of the Crimean Khanate. | 