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The United States two-cent coin was a short-lived denomination of a United States dollar. The two-cent piece, designed by James B. Longacre, was produced for circulation from 1864 to 1872 and for collectors in 1873, with decreasing mintages each year as other minor coins such as the nickel (5¢) proved more popular. It was abolished by the Mint Act of 1873. The economic turmoil of the American Civil War caused government-issued coins, even the non-silver Indian Head cent, to vanish from circulation, hoarded by the public. One means of filling this gap was private token issues, often made of bronze. The cent at that time was struck of a copper-nickel alloy, the same diameter as the later Lincoln cent, but somewhat thicker. The piece was difficult for the Philadelphia Mint to strike, and Mint officials, as well as the annual Assay Commission, recommended the coin's replacement. Despite opposition from those wishing to keep the metal nickel in the coinage, led by Pennsylvania Congressman Thaddeus Stevens, Congress passed the Coinage Act of 1864, authorising bronze cents and two-cent pieces. The composition was 95% copper, the rest being tin and zinc. Although initially popular in the absence of other federal coinage, the two-cent piece's place in circulation was usurped by other non-precious metal coins which Congress subsequently authorised, the three-cent piece and the nickel. It was abolished in 1873; large quantities were redeemed by the government and melted. Nevertheless, two-cent pieces remain inexpensive by the standards of 19th-century American coinage. The coins were only struck by the Philadelphia Mint, with no mint mark. | ||||
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Coin Name | Reverse | Obverse | Details |
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Two Cents 1864 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 19,847,500 |
Two Cents 1865 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 13,640,000 |
Two Cents 1866 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 3,177,000 |
Two Cents 1867 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 2,938,750 |
Two Cents 1868 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 2,803,750 |
Two Cents 1869 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 1,547,100 |
Two Cents 1870 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 862,250 |
Two Cents 1871 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 722,210 |
Two Cents 1872 | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 65,000 |
Two Cents 1873 (Proof only) | ![]() |
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Material: Bronze Mint: Philadelphia Mint Mintage: 1,100 |
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Country | United States |
---|---|
Currency | US Dollar |
From | 1864 |
To | 1873 |
Face Value | 2 (x Cent) |
Current | No; withdrawn 1873 |
Material | Bronze |
Designer | James Barton Longacre |
Technology | Milled (machine-made) |
Shape | Round |
Orientation | Coin Alignment (Axis 6) |
Size | 23.0000 mm |
Thickness | 1.8000 mm |
Mass | 6.2200 g |