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Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) was the Queen of 16 of the 53 member states in the Commonwealth of Nations, Head of the Commonwealth, and Supreme Governor of the Church of England from 6 February 1952 until her death on 8 September 2022.
Upon her accession on 6 February 1952, Elizabeth became Head of the Commonwealth and queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon. Her coronation service the following year was the first to be televised. From 1956 to 1992, the number of her realms varied as territories gained independence and some realms became republics. In addition to the first four of the aforementioned countries, Elizabeth was also Queen of Jamaica, Barbados (which became a republic shortly before her death), the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Her reign of 70 years and 214 days is the longest of any British monarch and the longest recorded of any female head of state in history.
The royal style of Queen Elizabeth II was:
"By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith" before her coronation in 1953, then:
"By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith" or (in Latin) "Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor". |
