Australia / Queen Elizabeth II

The monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign. Australia is a constitutional monarchy, modeled on the Westminster system of parliamentary government, incorporating features unique to the Constitution of Australia.

The present monarch is Elizabeth II, styled Queen of Australia, who has reigned since 6 February 1952. She is represented in Australia by the governor-general, in accordance with the Australian constitution and Letters Patent from the Queen. In each of the states, the monarch is represented by a governor, appointed directly by the Queen on the advice of each of her respective state governments.

In Australia Queen Elizabeth is currently styled, "Elizabeth II by the Grace of God, Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth" (thus omitting the "Defender of the Faith" title used in the United Kingdom and some other of her realms).

The Australian monarch, besides reigning in Australia, separately serves as monarch for each of 15 other Commonwealth countries known as Commonwealth realms. This developed from the former colonial relationship of these countries to Britain, but they are now independent of each other and are legally distinct.