Penny 1847 (Maundy), Coin from United Kingdom - detailed information

Penny 1847 (Maundy), Coin from United Kingdom
CoinPenny 1847 (Maundy)

The Maundy Penny coin is the smallest denomination of Maundy money - coins specially minted in varying (but always small) mintage for ceremonial purposes and not intended as circulating currency. They are usually handed by the British monarch in person to selected deserving individuals once every year. They are issued in "prooflike" condition and usually remain in it, especially the more recent ones. Each recipient receives two purses: a red one with ordinary coins, and a white purse containing a particular amount (which varies every year) made up of one, two, three and four pence Maundy coins. Since the amounts are not always divisible by ten, the number (and mintage) of the respective denominations differ; in other words, they cannot always all be cleanly combined into a number of full sets. Note also that the coins are initially in purses; the sets that appear on the market are made from these later, and are not issued as sets by the Royal Mint.

The Royal Maundy is an ancient ceremony which has its origin in the commandment Christ gave after washing the feet of his disciples on the day before Good Friday. The commandment (also known as a "mandatum" from which the word Maundy is derived) "that ye love one another" (John XIII 34) is still recalled regularly by Christian churches throughout the world. The ceremony of washing the feet of the poor which was accompanied by gifts of food and clothing can be traced back to the fourth century.

Maundy money has remained in much the same form since 1670, and the coins used for the Maundy ceremony have traditionally been struck in sterling silver, save for the brief interruptions of King Henry VIII’s debasement of the coinage and the general change to 50% silver coins in 1920. The sterling silver standard (92.5%) was resumed following the Coinage Act of 1946. The current reverse was designed by Jean Baptiste Merlen in 1822 and has been issued every year since then with only minor modifications.

As there is no record of any denomination higher than one penny (then struck for circulation in silver) being used in the Maundy gift before 1731, sets from before then are most likely ordinary circulation strikes. At that time, coins used for the Maundy money distribution were indistinguishable from those struck for circulation. It was not until 1752 that coins not struck for circulation were used for the Maundy distribution. In a time when little silver was being struck by the Royal Mint, the coins distributed might bear a previous year's date.

To evade statutory prohibitions on the striking of silver coin during the Napoleonic Wars, all Maundy pieces issued from 1800 to 1815 bear the date 1800, though most were struck later. When the date was finally changed in 1816, after the prohibition ended, the size of the coins was slightly reduced, as the Royal Mint implemented a change from striking 62 shillings of silver coin from one troy pound of sterling silver to 66 shillings.The last year in which no Maundy coins were struck was 1821.

In 1689, the Royal Mint began using a design for the reverse of the four low-denomination silver coins depicting a crowned numeral. The designer is unknown (Richard Lobel, in his catalogue of British coins, suggests the artist was George Bower, an employee of the Royal Mint whose medals bear similar characteristics), but his work has endured, in a revised form, for over three hundred years. In 1822 an amended reverse was introduced, and has been struck every year since then in all four denominations.

The 1822 reverse design, which places the crowned numeral within an oak wreath was done by Jean Baptiste Merlen. This design is still struck each year, though the crown was altered in 1888, as was the appearance of the numeral "2" on the twopence. These changes were made by Royal Mint engraver Leonard Charles Wyon.

The original composition of the coins was sterling (0.925) silver. In common with all British silver coins, the fineness was reduced to 0.500 in 1921. In 1947 silver was removed from all circulating British coinage in favour of cupronickel, but as it was felt to be inappropriate to strike Maundy coins in base metal, their fineness was restored to 0.925.

On Decimal Day 15 February 1971, the pound sterling became decimalised, with 100 new pence instead of 20 shillings of 12 pence (240 pence) in a pound. No change was made to the design of the Maundy pieces, and all Maundy pieces, both pre- and post-Decimal Day are deemed denominated in new pence, more than doubling the face value of the pre-1971 pieces. The series continues as a decimal penny.

MintRoyal Mint Mint MarkNo mint mark Total Mintage 4,488
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Obverse

The obverse of the coin shows the young uncrowned effigy of Queen Victoria, facing left; the portrait is by William Wyon and is widely known as her "Young Head".

The Queen's hair is bound with a double fillet (ribbon) and collected into a knot behind.

Around, the monarch's legend: VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:. Translated from Latin: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith.

Obverse Inscription VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Reverse

Within an open oak wreath, the numeral value 1 [penny].

Above the value, the Royal Crown, depicted as St. Edward's crown until 1887, and as the Tudor Crown thereafter - indicating a change to the "Imperial Crown" after Queen Victoria became Empress of India. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, it was again supposed to stand for St. Edwards Crown, but the depiction remained that of the Tudor Crown.

Divided by the value, the date of issue: 1847.

Reverse Inscription 1 1847
EdgePlainEdge InscriptionNone
Penny 1847 (Maundy): References to Information Used
Showing 100 from a total of 152 coins of type: Maundy Penny (Pre-decimal)
Coin NameMintageEffigyLegend
Penny 1817 (Maundy) 10,000 King George III - Small Head GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA 1817
Penny 1818 (Maundy) 9,504 King George III - Small Head GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA 1818
Penny 1820 (Maundy) 7,920 King George III - Small Head GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA 1820
Penny 1822 (Maundy) 12,000 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1823 (Maundy) 13,000 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1824 (Maundy) 9,504 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1825 (Maundy) 8,712 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1826 (Maundy) 8,712 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1827 (Maundy) 7,920 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1828 (Maundy) 7,920 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1829 (Maundy) 7,920 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1830 (Maundy) 7,920 King George IV - Laureate Head GEORGIUS IIII D. G. BRITANNIAR. REX F. D.
Penny 1831 (Maundy) 10,000 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1832 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1833 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1834 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1835 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1836 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1837 (Maundy) 8,712 King William IV - Bare Head GULIELMUS IIII D: G: BRITANNIAR: REX F: D:
Penny 1838 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1839 (Maundy) 4,125 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1840 (Maundy) 4,125 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1841 (Maundy) 2,574 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1842 (Maundy) 4,125 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1843 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1844 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1845 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1846 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1847 (Maundy) 4,488 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1848 (Maundy) 4,488 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1849 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1850 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1851 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1852 (Maundy) 4,488 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1853 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1854 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1855 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1856 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1857 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1858 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1859 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1860 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1861 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1862 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1863 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1864 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1865 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1866 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1867 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1868 (Maundy) 4,158 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1869 (Maundy) 4,488 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1870 (Maundy) 4,569 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1871 (Maundy) 4,627 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1872 (Maundy) 4,119 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1873 (Maundy) 4,162 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1874 (Maundy) 5,578 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1875 (Maundy) 4,154 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1876 (Maundy) 4,862 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1877 (Maundy) 4,850 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1878 (Maundy) 5,735 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1879 (Maundy) 5,202 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1880 (Maundy) 5,199 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1881 (Maundy) 6,001 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1882 (Maundy) 4,146 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1883 (Maundy) 5,096 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1884 (Maundy) 3,353 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1885 (Maundy) 5,791 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1886 (Maundy) 6,785 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1887 (Maundy) 1,888 Queen Victoria - Young Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1888 (Maundy) 9,528 Queen Victoria - Jubilee Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1889 (Maundy) 6,088 Queen Victoria - Jubilee Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1890 (Maundy) 8,613 Queen Victoria - Jubilee Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1891 (Maundy) 10,000 Queen Victoria - Jubilee Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1892 (Maundy) 8,524 Queen Victoria - Jubilee Head VICTORIA D: G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F: D:
Penny 1893 (Maundy) 10,832 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1894 (Maundy) 9,385 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1895 (Maundy) 8,877 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1896 (Maundy) 8,476 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1897 (Maundy) 9,388 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1898 (Maundy) 9,147 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1899 (Maundy) 13,561 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1900 (Maundy) 9,571 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1901 (Maundy) 11,928 Queen Victoria - Veiled Head VICTORIA · DEI · GRA · BRITT · REGINA · FID · DEF · IND · IMP ·
Penny 1902 (Maundy) 10,117 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1903 (Maundy) 9,729 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1904 (Maundy) 11,568 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1905 (Maundy) 10,998 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1906 (Maundy) 11,065 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1907 (Maundy) 11,132 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1908 (Maundy) 9,929 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1909 (Maundy) 2,428 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1910 (Maundy) 2,755 King Edward VII - Bare Head EDWARDVS VII D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP:
Penny 1911 (Maundy) 1,635 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1912 (Maundy) 1,616 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1913 (Maundy) 1,590 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1914 (Maundy) 1,651 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1915 (Maundy) 1,441 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1916 (Maundy) 1,499 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1917 (Maundy) 1,478 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Penny 1918 (Maundy) 1,479 King George V - Bare Head GEORGIVS V D. G. BRITT: OMN: REX F. D. IND: IMP:
Showing 1 to 100 of 152 Coins.
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Penny 1847 (Maundy): Details
CountryUnited Kingdom
CurrencyPound Sterling (pre-decimal)
Coin TypeMaundy Penny (Pre-decimal)
Issued1847
MonarchQueen Victoria
EffigyQueen Victoria - Portrait by William Wyon (Young Head)
ReverseImperial Crown - St Edward's Crown and the Tudor Crown
Face Value1 (x Penny)
Total Mintage4,488
CurrentYes
Material0.925 Silver
DesignerJean Baptiste Merlen
TechnologyMilled (machine-made)
ShapeRound
OrientationCoin Alignment (Axis 6)
Size11.0000 mm
Mass0.4700 g
OCC IDDRMK-GEZA-CGVL-ONXQ
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Penny 1847 (Maundy): Catalogue Reference IDs